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Choosing a Retirement Plan that Fits Your Business

One survey found that 79% of small business owners expect at least some of their retirement income to come from tax-advantaged retirement savings accounts.1 If you have yet to develop a retirement plan for your business, or if you’re not sure the plan you’ve chosen is the right one, here are some things to consider.

How much can my business afford to contribute?

The cost of contributions may be managed by the plan type.

A simplified employee pension plan (SEP) is funded by employer contributions only. SEP contributions are made to separate IRAs for eligible employees.2

Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees of Small Employers (SIMPLE) IRAs blend employee and employer contributions.3 Employers either match employee contributions up to 100% of the first 3% of compensation or contribute 2% of each eligible employee’s compensation.

A 401(k) is primarily funded by the employee; the employer can choose to make additional contributions, including matching contributions.4

What plan accommodates high employee turnover?

The cost of covering short-tenured employees may be reduced by eligibility requirements and vesting.

With the SEP-IRA, only employees who are at least 21 years old and have been employed in three of the last five years must be covered.

The SIMPLE IRA must cover employees who have earned at least $5,000 in any prior two years and are reasonably expected to earn $5,000 in the current year.

The 401(k) and defined benefit plan must cover all employees who are at least 21 years of age. Under the SECURE Act, these retirement plans are open for employees who have either worked 1,000 hours in the space of one full year or to those who have worked at least 500 hours per year for three consecutive years.

Vesting is immediate on all contributions to the SEP-IRA, SIMPLE IRA and 401(k) employee deferrals, while a vesting schedule may apply to 401(k) employer contributions and defined benefits.

Do I want to maximize contributions for myself (and my spouse)?

The SEP-IRA and 401(k) offer higher contribution maximums than the SIMPLE IRA. For those business owners who are starting late, a defined benefit plan may offer even higher levels of allowable contributions.

My priority is to keep administration easy and inexpensive.

The SEP-IRA and SIMPLE IRA are straightforward to establish and maintain. The 401(k) can be more onerous, but complicated testing may be eliminated by using a Safe Harbor 401(k). Generally, the defined benefit plan is the most complicated and expensive to establish and maintain of all plan choices.

1. Gallup, March 16, 2017. Most recent survey available.


2. Like a Traditional IRA, withdrawals from a SEP-IRA are taxed as ordinary income and, if taken before age 59½, may be subject to a 10% federal income tax penalty. Under the SECURE Act, in most circumstances, once you reach age 72, you must begin taking required minimum distributions.


3. Like a Traditional IRA, withdrawals from a SIMPLE IRAs are taxed as ordinary income and, if taken before age 59½, may be subject to a 10% federal income tax penalty. Under the SECURE Act, in most circumstances, once you reach age 72, you must begin taking required minimum distributions.

4. Under the SECURE Act, in most circumstances, you must begin taking required minimum distributions from your 401(k) or other defined contribution plan in the year you turn 72. Withdrawals from your 401(k) or other defined contribution plans are taxed as ordinary income, and if taken before age 59½, may be subject to a 10% federal income tax penalty.

To learn more about CapSouth Wealth Management and the services we provide, contact our office at 800.929.1001 or visit our website at www.capsouthwm.com

CapSouth Wealth Management – Dothan, AL, McDonough, GA, Charlotte, NC

The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. This material was developed and produced by FMG Suite to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG, LLC, is not affiliated with CapSouth Wealth Management. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright 2019 FMG Suite.

CapSouth Partners, Inc., dba CapSouth Wealth Management, is an independent Registered Investment Advisory firm. CapSouth does not offer tax, accounting or legal advice. Consult your tax or legal advisors for all issues that may have tax or legal consequences.

Important IRA and Roth Changes Under the SECURE Act

by: P. Lewis Robinson, CPA | Managing Director, Senior Wealth Advisor                                                                                                                                              CapSouth Wealth Management, McDonough, GA Office                                                                                                                                                                                                1.8.2020

 

Congress has passed the year-end Spending Package that includes the SECURE Act that became effective January 1, 2020. President Trump signed the bill on Friday, December 20, 2019. With the passing of this bill there are major changes to the rules for IRAs and Roth IRAs. Although there were also changes in the 401(k) world, this article will focus only on the changes to IRAs and Roth IRAs.

 

The following is a summary of the major changes to IRAs and Roth IRAs:

 

  1. Due to people working longer, Congress has pushed out when required minimum distributions (RMDs) begin. For anyone who has not reached age 70.5 by the end of 2019, the new required beginning date will be 72 for RMDs. There is an exception to this rule if you are not a 5% owner in the company and continue to work; in this case you can push out your RMDs for your current employer’s retirement plan until the year after you retire.

 

  1. We have many clients who take advantage of Qualified Charitable Distributions from their IRAs at age 70 ½. This rule allows a taxpayer who is age 70 ½ years to make a distribution to a qualified charitable organization that will not be subject to income taxes. There has not been any change in this provision. At age 70 ½, a taxpayer can still make Qualified Charitable Donations. If you have a question as to how this could reduce your income taxes, call you financial advisor at CapSouth Wealth Management.

 

  1. Under the old rules, there was an age limitation to being able to make deductible Traditional IRA contributions. Under the new bill, there is no age limit for making IRA contributions as long as you or your spouse have earned income. If you are a participant in a company retirement plan, you may not be able to make an IRA contribution or may be subject to contribution limits. Discuss these limitations with your tax advisor.

 

  1. One of the more appealing Roth IRA rules is the lack of an age limit on contributions. While traditional IRA contributions were barred for individuals older than 70 ½ before January 1, 2020, you could and still can be any age and contribute to a Roth IRA if you or your spouse has earned income. However, there are limitations that you should be aware of. Discuss these limitations with your tax advisor.

 

  1. The new law allows taxable non-tuition fellowship and stipend payments to be treated as compensation to qualify for an IRA (or Roth IRA) contribution.

 

  1. What has been called the Stretch IRA has been limited. Under the old law, beneficiaries, other than a spouse, could take Inherited IRA distributions over their lifetime. Now, Inherited IRAs and Roth IRAs will have to be distributed to the beneficiaries, other than an eligible designated beneficiary (EDB), within 10 years beginning the year of the death of the account holder. In addition to the surviving spouse, there are four other categories of EDBs that are discussed in the next point.

 

  1. The following is a list of the eligible designated beneficiaries (EDB) that are entitled to a modified version of the life expectancy payout method:

 

  1. Minor child (but not grandchild) of the participant. The life expectancy payout applies to a “Child of the employee who has not reached majority.” Upon reaching the age of majority, the ten-year rule becomes effective.
    1. A child may be treated as not reaching the age of majority if the child has not completed a specified course of education and is under the age of 26.
    2. A child who is disabled within the meaning of the IRS regulations when the child reaches the age of majority may be treated as having not reached the age of majority so long as the child continues to be disabled.
  2. Disabled beneficiary. The life expectancy payout applies to a designated beneficiary who is disabled within the meaning of the IRS regulations. Upon their death, the 10-year payout rules become effective.
  3. Chronically ill individual. The life expectancy payout applies to a designated beneficiary who is chronically ill within meaning of the IRS regulations. Upon their death, the 10-year payout rules become effective.
  4. Less than 10 years younger beneficiary. The life expectancy payout applies to an individual who is not 10 years younger than the participant. Upon their death, the 10-year payout rules become effective.

 

  1. There will be tax planning opportunities for those who inherit IRAs. Unlike with the old rule, there is no required amount to be paid out each year of the 10 year pay out period. The beneficiaries could take larger distributions in years where the beneficiaries’ tax bracket is low or lesser amounts when their tax bracket is high.

 

 

 

  1. The effect of limiting the stretch of the IRAs and Roth IRAs is as follows:

 

  1. The income taxes payable by the beneficiaries would probably be higher since they can not spread the income taxes over a longer period.
  2. The deferral of the income taxes would be much shorter.
  3. Shorter period of tax-free growth of Roth IRAs.

 

  1. In my opinion, the change in the stretch IRA or Roth IRA makes life insurance a more tax efficient way to leave a legacy to your heirs.

 

  1. Every person who has named a trust as their IRA beneficiary will need to review those plans and likely look for alternative planning solutions.

 

  1. The new Act would likely cause problems for so-called “conduit” trusts. Conduit trusts have been used by IRA owners to ensure that the bulk of the inherited IRA is preserved for the beneficiary over the long haul. Any required minimum distributions (RMDs) that are distributed from the IRA to the conduit trust are then passed by the trust to the beneficiary and taxed in the year of distribution. The beneficiary may or may not have the ability to withdraw amounts in addition to the RMD.

 

  1. Under the new Act, the entire account would be distributed to the beneficiary. Going forward, IRA owners should consider using accumulation trusts instead. Accumulation trusts permit distributions from an IRA, including RMDs, to be preserved for the beneficiary inside the trust. So, although the new Act would require the entire IRA to be distributed to the trust within ten years, the assets could be held in trust for the beneficiary for as long as the terms of the trust dictate. However, an accumulation of trust would not prevent income tax from being assessed as distributions are made from the IRA to the trust.

 

  1. A major planning objective for the beneficiaries of trusts is to minimize the annual taxable income. The maximum Federal income tax rate of 37% applies to taxable income of the trust in excess of $12,951. The 37% bracket does not start for a couple until their taxable income is in excess of $622,050.

 

  1. Spouses still have the option to roll an Inherited IRA from their spouse into their own IRA or Roth IRA. They could treat the IRA or Roth IRA as an Inherited IRA or Roth IRA. In some cases, it could be an advantage for the spouse to elect to treat the IRA or Roth IRA as an Inherited IRA or Roth IRA.

 

  1. There is a new exception for the 10% penalty for distributions up to $5,000 for birth or adoption made before a taxpayer is age 59 ½ years of age. The distribution is subject to income taxes. The birth or adoption distribution amount can be repaid at any future time (re-contributed back to any retirement account).

 

  1. For parents and others with 529 education savings accounts, the legislation allows tax-free withdrawals from IRAs of as much as $10,000 for repayments of some student loans. The distributions for loan repayment amounts would be subject to income taxes.

 

The bottom line is that if you have retirement accounts, you should strongly consider working with a financial advisor who knows the new rules. CapSouth Wealth Management has been very pro-active with planning regarding IRAs and Roth IRAs. With this new law, there are even more planning opportunities.

 

CapSouth Partners, Inc., dba CapSouth Wealth Management, is an independent registered Investment Advisory firm. The information in this article has been provided by sources deemed to be reliable. However, CapSouth Wealth Management does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information. This material has been prepared by P. Lewis Robinson, CPA for planning purposes only and is not intended as specific tax or legal advice. Tax and legal laws are often complex and frequently change. Please consult your tax or legal advisor to discuss your specific situation before making any decisions that may have tax or legal consequences.

Where Will Your Retirement Money Come From

For many people, retirement income may come from a variety of sources. Here’s a quick review of six primary sources:

 

Social Security

Social Security is the government-administered retirement income program. Workers become eligible after paying Social Security taxes for 10 years. Benefits are based on each worker’s 35 highest earning years. (If there are fewer than 35 years of earnings, non-earning years may be counted in the calculation.) In mid-2018, the average monthly benefit was $1,413.[i],[ii]

 

Personal Savings and Investments

These resources can also provide income during retirement. Depending on your risk tolerance, time horizon and goals, you may want investments that offer steady monthly income over vehicles giving you the potential for double-digit returns. A quick chat with a financial professional can help you understand your risk tolerance as you approach retirement.

 

Individual Retirement Accounts

Traditional IRAs have been around since 1974. Contributions you make to a traditional IRA are commonly deductible. Distributions from a traditional IRA are taxed as ordinary income, and if taken before age 59½, may be subject to a federal income tax penalty. Once you reach age 70½, these accounts require mandatory withdrawals.[iii]

 

Roth IRAs were created in 1997. Contributions you make to a Roth IRA are non-deductible, as they are made using money that has already been taxed. Sometimes, only partial Roth IRA contributions can be made by taxpayers with six-figure incomes; some especially high-earning individuals and couples cannot direct money into Roth IRAs at all. To qualify for the tax-free and penalty-free withdrawal of earnings, Roth IRA distributions must meet a five-year holding requirement and occur after age 59½. Roth IRAs do not have any required minimum distribution rules.3

 

Defined Contribution Plans

Many workers are eligible to participate in a defined-contribution plan such as a 401(k), 403(b), or 457 plan. Eligible workers can set aside a portion of their pre-tax income into an account, and the invested assets may accumulate with taxes deferred, year after year. Generally, once you reach age 70½, you must begin taking required minimum distributions from these workplace plans.[iv] Some plans may also include an option to contribute after tax income.

 

Defined Benefit Plans

Defined benefit plans are “traditional” pensions – employer-sponsored plans under which benefits, rather than contributions, are defined. Benefits are normally based on specific factors, such as salary history and duration of employment. Relatively few employers offer these kinds of plans today.[v]

 

Continued Employment

In a recent survey, 68% of workers stated that they planned to keep working in retirement. In contrast, only 26% of retirees reported that continued employment was a major or minor source of retirement income. Many retirees choose to continue working as a way to stay active and socially engaged. Choosing to work during retirement, however, is a personal decision that should be made after considering your finances and personal goals.[vi]

 

To speak to a CapSouth advisor about retirement planning contact our office at 800.929.1101 or visit our website at http://capsouthwm.com/services/financial-estate-planning/

 

Utilize our free financial calculator at https://capsouthwm.com/resources-guides/financial-calculators/

 

Investment advisory services are offered through CapSouth Partners, Inc., dba CapSouth Wealth Management, an independent registered Investment Advisory firm. Information provided by sources deemed to be reliable.  CapSouth does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information.  This material has been prepared for planning purposes only and is not intended as specific tax or legal advice.  Tax and legal laws are often complex and frequently change.  Please consult your tax or legal advisor to discuss your specific situation before making any decisions that may have tax or legal consequences.

 

This article contains external links to third party content (content hosted on sites unaffiliated with CapSouth Partners). The policies and procedures governing these third-party sites may differ from those effective on the CapSouth company website, as outlined in these Disclaimers. As such, CapSouth makes no representations whatsoever regarding any third-party content/sites that may be accessible directly or indirectly from the CapSouth website. Linking to these third-party sites in no way implies an endorsement or affiliation of any kind between CapSouth and any third party, including legal authorization to use any trademark, trade name, logo, or copyrighted materials belonging to either entity.

[i] https://www.waddell.com/explore-insights/market-news-and-guidance/planning/9-facts-about-social-security

 

[ii] https://www.cbpp.org/research/social-security/policy-basics-top-ten-facts-about-social-security

 

[iii] https://www.cnbc.com/2018/07/30/roth-vs-traditional-iras-how-to-decide-where-to-put-your-money.html

 

[iv] https://www.fool.com/retirement/2018/11/21/the-most-important-401k-rules-for-maximizing-your.aspx

 

[v] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/definedbenefitpensionplan.asp

 

[vi] https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/101515/planning-retiring-later-think-again.asp

 

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